![]() "It's still helping people to look for new laws of physics by studying the combination of these two theories in a physical example. "Hawking's theory was revolutionary because he combined the physics of quantum field theory with general relativity," Einstein's theory that describes how matter warps space-time,Steinhauer told Live Science. From this alone, given enough time (much longer than the age of the universe), a black hole could completely evaporate away. The absorbed photon has negative energy and subtracts energy in the form of mass from the black hole, while the escaped photon becomes Hawking radiation. ![]() But due to the extreme gravitational pull at an event horizon, Hawking suggested pairs of photons could be separated, with one particle getting absorbed by the black hole and the other escaping into space. These fleeting particles with opposite energies usually annihilate each other almost immediately. Hawking showed that although nothing that crosses the event horizon can escape, black holes can still spontaneously emit light from the boundary, thanks to quantum mechanics and something called "virtual particles."Īs explained by Heisenberg's uncertainty principle, even the complete vacuum of space is teeming with pairs of 'virtual' particles that pop in and out of existence. To escape this boundary, a particle would have to break the laws of physics and travel faster than the speed of light. ![]() The gravity of a black hole is so powerful that not even light can escape its grasp, once a photon, or light particle, crosses beyond its point-of-no-return, called the event horizon.
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